The Association between Reproductive Health Literacy and Preventive Sexual Behavior among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health remains a major public health concern, particularly as limited reproductive health literacy may increase vulnerability to risky sexual behaviors and adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between reproductive health literacy and preventive sexual behavior among adolescents. A cross-sectional study design was employed among adolescent students using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Reproductive health literacy was assessed through dimensions of access, understanding, appraisal, and application of reproductive health information. At the same time, preventive sexual behavior was measured based on practices related to avoiding risky sexual activity, seeking reliable information, communicating about reproductive health, and utilizing appropriate health services. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests to determine the relationship between reproductive health literacy and preventive sexual behavior. The findings indicated that adolescents with higher reproductive health literacy were more likely to demonstrate positive preventive sexual behaviors than those with lower literacy levels. Exposure to reproductive health information, school-based education, and family communication also appeared to support healthier decision-making. These findings suggest that reproductive health literacy is an important factor in promoting preventive sexual behavior among adolescents. Strengthening comprehensive reproductive health education and improving access to adolescent-friendly health information are essential strategies for reducing reproductive health risks.